Replikasi adalah salah satu teknologi tertua di MS SQL Server, disukai oleh setiap administrator database. Ini adalah teknologi hebat dan andal untuk mendekatkan data kepada pengguna, terutama untuk pelaporan terdistribusi. Berkat itu, ketersediaan database meningkat di beberapa Server dan wilayah SQL.
Replikasi diperkenalkan di SQL 2005. Bisakah Anda percaya itu setua itu? Meskipun platform SQL terkelola yang lebih baru di cloud diperkenalkan secara teratur, saya percaya bahwa replikasi SQL akan tetap ada di sini. Jika itu serangga atau serangga, saya akan menganggapnya sebagai kecoa. Sulit untuk diremas!
Jika Anda adalah salah satu dari sebagian kecil administrator yang tidak pernah mengelola database, ada dokumentasi resmi Microsoft tentang topik tersebut. Namun, perhatikan bahwa itu cukup panjang, komprehensif dan akan merampas waktu libur Anda dari liburan atau menonton serial TV yang direncanakan. Selain itu, Codingsight menawarkan penyiapan dan panduan konfigurasi Replikasi Database SQL Server.
Tetapi sebelum Anda mengotori tangan Anda dengan hal-hal teknis, dan saya tahu Anda juga bersemangat, penting untuk merencanakannya.
Persyaratan replikasi dapat berubah sehubungan dengan lokasi saat Anda menyebarkan ke SQL Server yang berjalan di awan. Namun begitu replikasi SQL berjalan seperti mesin yang diminyaki dengan baik dan mereplikasi data produksi, Anda perlu merencanakan cara mengelolanya.
Dalam posting ini, saya akan membagikan beberapa tip dan skrip T-SQL untuk Anda gunakan ketika Anda perlu memeriksa banyak pekerjaan Agen SQL dibuat setelah konfigurasi replikasi.
Memantau Agen Replikasi
Saat Anda menyiapkan dan mengonfigurasi replikasi SQL, itu juga membuat serangkaian fungsi mandiri dan pekerjaan Agen SQL yang dikenal sebagai agen replikasi. Tujuan mereka adalah untuk melakukan tugas yang terkait dengan memindahkan tabel Anda, juga disebut artikel , dalam konfigurasi replikasi dari publisher kepada pelanggan . Anda dapat menjalankan agen replikasi dari baris perintah dan oleh aplikasi yang menggunakan Objek Manajemen Replikasi (RMO).
Agen replikasi SQL Server dapat dipantau dan dikelola melalui Replication Monitor dan SQL Server Management Studio.
Perhatian utama dari administrator database/administrator replikasi adalah memastikan bahwa semua pekerjaan replikasi agen SQL berjalan. Jika pekerjaan agen replikasi gagal, pelanggan mungkin tidak menerima data. Oleh karena itu, basis data distribusi dapat tumbuh besar karena akumulasi baris yang tidak akan berpindah ke basis data pelanggan.
Untuk mengatur peringatan untuk kegagalan pekerjaan agen replikasi, Anda dapat membuat pekerjaan agen lain. Ini akan memeriksa kegagalan pekerjaan dan mengirim email ke tim dba Anda jika mengidentifikasi masalah.
Periksa Pekerjaan Agen Replikasi yang Gagal
Gunakan skrip di bawah ini:
declare @time time
set @time = dateadd(n,-30,getdate())
declare @date date
set @date = convert(date,getdate())
declare @publisher varchar(100)
set @publisher = @@SERVERNAME
SELECT LEFT(name,50) as [JobName], run_date AS [RunDate], run_time AS [RunTime], LEFT([message],50) AS [Message]
FROM
(select distinct b.name,a.run_date, run_time, message
from msdb..sysjobhistory a inner join msdb..sysjobs b on a.job_id = b.job_id where b.name like 'servername here%' and run_status <> 1 and message like '%error%'
and convert(date,convert(varchar,a.run_date ))= convert(date,getutcdate()) replace(convert(varchar(8),dateadd(n,-30,getutcdate())),':','') ) a
Buat Lansiran Email untuk Memberitahu tentang Kegagalan Pekerjaan
Terapkan skrip berikut:
exec msdb.dbo.sp_send_dbmail
@profile_name = 'DBA Alerts',
@recipients = 'your dba team email here',
@subject = '[Database name] Replication Jobs Failure',
@query = 'SELECT LEFT(name,50) as [JobName], run_date AS [RunDate], run_time AS [RunTime], LEFT([message],50) AS [Message]
FROM
(select distinct b.name, a.run_date, a.run_time, message
from msdb.dbo.sysjobhistory a inner join msdb.dbo.sysjobs b on a.job_id = b.job_id
where b.name like ''servername here %'' and
convert(date,convert(varchar,a.run_date)) = convert(date,getutcdate()) ) a
',
@attach_query_result_as_file = 0 ; Pantau Tabel yang Berisi Perintah yang Direplikasi
Untuk memantau msrepl_commands tabel, Anda dapat menggunakan satu skrip lagi yang disediakan di bawah ini. Perhatikan bahwa tabel ini harus tumbuh terlalu besar dan terlalu cepat. Jika demikian, tugas agen replikasi mungkin gagal, atau mungkin ada masalah dalam konfigurasi replikasi.
Scriptnya adalah sebagai berikut:
use distribution
SELECT Getdate() AS CaptureTime, LEFT(Object_name(t.object_id),20) AS TableName, st.row_count
FROM sys.dm_db_partition_stats st WITH (nolock)
INNER JOIN sys.tables t WITH (nolock) ON st.object_id = t.object_id INNER JOIN sys.schemas s WITH (nolock) ON t.schema_id = s.schema_id WHERE index_id < 2 AND Object_name(t.object_id)
IN ('MSsubscriptions', 'MSdistribution_history', 'MSrepl_commands', 'MSrepl_transactions')
ORDER BY st.row_count DESC
msrepl_commands tren pertumbuhan tabel juga memberi Anda petunjuk tentang seberapa sehat latensi replikasi Anda. Banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi. Jika lingkungan Anda berada di cloud, pemilihan wilayah dapat berkontribusi besar pada latensi replikasi.
Bmembuat Pelaporan Sederhana tentang Replikasi dan Mengirimnya Melalui Email
Anda dapat menggunakan skrip berikut:
Declare @Publisher sysname, @PublisherDB sysname
-- Set Publisher server and database name
Set @Publisher = 'publication server name';
Set @PublisherDB = 'publishing database name';
-- Refresh replication monitor data
USE [distribution]
Exec sys.sp_replmonitorrefreshjob @iterations = 1;
With MaxXact (ServerName, PublisherDBID, XactSeqNo)
As (Select S.name, DA.publisher_database_id, max(H.xact_seqno) From dbo.MSdistribution_history H with(nolock)
Inner Join dbo.MSdistribution_agents DA with(nolock) On DA.id = H.agent_id
Inner Join master.sys.servers S with(nolock) On S.server_id = DA.subscriber_id
Where DA.publisher_db = @PublisherDB
Group By S.name, DA.publisher_database_id), OldestXact (ServerName, OldestEntryTime)
As (Select MX.ServerName, Min(entry_time)
From dbo.msrepl_transactions T with(nolock)
Inner Join MaxXact MX On MX.XactSeqNo < T.xact_seqno And
MX.PublisherDBID = T.publisher_database_id
Group By MX.ServerName)
Select [Replication Status] = Case MD.status
When 1 Then 'Started'
When 2 Then 'Succeeded'
When 3 Then 'In progress'
When 4 Then 'Idle'
When 5 Then 'Retrying'
When 6 Then 'Failed'
End,
Subscriber = SubString(MD.agent_name, Len(MD.publisher) +
Len(MD.publisher_db) + Len(MD.publication) + 4,
Charindex('-', MD.agent_name,
Len(MD.publisher) + Len(MD.publisher_db) +
Len(MD.publication) + 5) -
(Len(MD.publisher) +
Len(MD.publisher_db) + Len(MD.publication) + 4)),
[Subscriber DB] = A.subscriber_db,
[Publisher DB] = MD.publisher_db,
Publisher = MD.publisher,
[Current Latency (sec)] = MD.cur_latency,
[Current Latency (hh:mm:ss)] = Right('00' + Cast(MD.cur_latency/3600 As varchar), 2) +
':' + Right('00' +
Cast((MD.cur_latency%3600)/60 As varchar), 2) +
':' + Right('00' +
Cast(MD.cur_latency%60 As varchar), 2),
[Latency Threshold (min)] = Cast(T.value As Int),
[Agent Last Stopped (sec)] = DateDiff(hour, agentstoptime, getdate()) - 1,
[Agent Last Sync] = MD.last_distsync,
[Last Entry TimeStamp] = OX.OldestEntryTime
From dbo.MSreplication_monitordata MD with(nolock)
Inner Join dbo.MSdistribution_agents A with(nolock) On A.id = MD.agent_id Inner Join dbo.MSpublicationthresholds T with(nolock) On T.publication_id = MD.publication_id And T.metric_id = 2 -- Latency
Inner Join OldestXact OX On OX.ServerName = SubString(MD.agent_name, Len(MD.publisher) + Len(MD.publisher_db) +
Len(MD.publication) + 4,
Charindex('-', MD.agent_name,
Len(MD.publisher) + Len(MD.publisher_db) +
Len(MD.publication) + 5) -
(Len(MD.publisher) +
Len(MD.publisher_db) + Len(MD.publication) + 4))
Where MD.publisher = @Publisher
And MD.publisher_db = @PublisherDB
And MD.publication_type = 0 -- 0 = Transactional publication And MD.agent_type = 3; -- 3 = distribution agent
IF (@@ROWCOUNT > 500)
BEGIN
-- send alerts here.. 500 rows of undistributed transactions , should be higher. run this on remote distributor
EXEC msdb.dbo.sp_send_dbmail
@profile_name = 'DBA Alert',
@recipients = 'your dba team email here',
@body = 'This is replication latency alert. Check undistributed transactions query.',
@subject = 'Replication Latency Alert' ;
PRINT 'Alert here!' --since email is not yet working
END
Tlihat Daftar Artikel dan Periksa Kesehatan Pelanggan
Jika Anda sedang mengerjakan replikasi transaksi, operasi ini sangat penting. Berikut scriptnya:
SELECT DISTINCT LEFT(srv.srvname,50) AS publication_server
, LEFT(a.publisher_db, 50) AS publisher_db
, LEFT(p.publication,25) AS publication_name
, LEFT(a.article, 50) AS [article]
, LEFT(a.destination_object,50) AS destination_object
, LEFT(ss.srvname,25) AS subscription_server
, LEFT(s.subscriber_db,25) AS subscriber_db
, LEFT(da.name,50) AS distribution_agent_job_name
FROM distribution..MSArticles a
JOIN distribution..MSpublications p ON a.publication_id = p.publication_id JOIN distribution..MSsubscriptions s ON p.publication_id = s.publication_id JOIN master..sysservers ss ON s.subscriber_id = ss.srvid
JOIN master..sysservers srv ON srv.srvid = p.publisher_id
JOIN distribution..MSdistribution_agents da ON da.publisher_id = p.publisher_id AND da.subscriber_id = s.subscriber_id
ORDER BY 1,2,3
Buat Ringkasan Pelaporan untuk Tim DBA
Untuk menggabungkan semua statistik replikasi dan perintah terkirim dan tidak terkirim, Anda dapat membuat tabel di database distribusi untuk memuat semua detail replikasi.
Dari tabel ini, Anda dapat membuat ringkasan pelaporan untuk didistribusikan ke tim dba . Tabel ini dapat disegarkan setiap hari sebagai bagian dari pemeriksaan kesehatan replikasi harian selain dari pemeriksaan kesehatan pagi administrator database standar.
USE [distribution]
IF OBJECT_ID('Tempdb.dbo.#ReplStats') IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE #ReplStats
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[#ReplStats] (
[DistributionAgentName] [nvarchar](100) NOT NULL
,[DistributionAgentStartTime] [datetime] NOT NULL
,[DistributionAgentRunningDurationInSeconds] [int] NOT NULL ,[IsAgentRunning] [bit] NULL
,[ReplicationStatus] [varchar](14) NULL
,[LastSynchronized] [datetime] NOT NULL
,[Comments] [nvarchar](max) NOT NULL
,[Publisher] [sysname] NOT NULL
,[PublicationName] [sysname] NOT NULL
,[PublisherDB] [sysname] NOT NULL
,[Subscriber] [nvarchar](128) NULL
,[SubscriberDB] [sysname] NULL
,[SubscriptionType] [varchar](64) NULL
,[DistributionDB] [sysname] NULL
,[Article] [sysname] NOT NULL
,[UndelivCmdsInDistDB] [int] NULL
,[DelivCmdsInDistDB] [int] NULL
,[CurrentSessionDeliveryRate] [float] NOT NULL
,[CurrentSessionDeliveryLatency] [int] NOT NULL
,[TotalTransactionsDeliveredInCurrentSession] [int] NOT NULL
,[TotalCommandsDeliveredInCurrentSession] [int] NOT NULL ,[AverageCommandsDeliveredInCurrentSession] [int] NOT NULL ,[DeliveryRate] [float] NOT NULL
,[DeliveryLatency] [int] NOT NULL
,[TotalCommandsDeliveredSinceSubscriptionSetup] [int] NOT NULL ,[SequenceNumber] [varbinary](16) NULL
,[LastDistributerSync] [datetime] NULL
,[Retention] [int] NULL
,[WorstLatency] [int] NULL
,[BestLatency] [int] NULL
,[AverageLatency] [int] NULL
,[CurrentLatency] [int] NULL
) ON [PRIMARY]
INSERT INTO #ReplStats
SELECT da.[name] AS [DistributionAgentName]
,dh.[start_time] AS [DistributionAgentStartTime]
,dh.[duration] AS [DistributionAgentRunningDurationInSeconds] ,md.[isagentrunningnow] AS [IsAgentRunning]
,CASE md.[status]
WHEN 1
THEN '1 - Started'
WHEN 2
THEN '2 - Succeeded'
WHEN 3
THEN '3 - InProgress'
WHEN 4
THEN '4 - Idle'
WHEN 5
THEN '5 - Retrying'
WHEN 6
THEN '6 - Failed'
END AS [ReplicationStatus]
,dh.[time] AS [LastSynchronized]
,dh.[comments] AS [Comments]
,md.[publisher] AS [Publisher]
,da.[publication] AS [PublicationName]
,da.[publisher_db] AS [PublisherDB]
,CASE
WHEN da.[anonymous_subid] IS NOT NULL
THEN UPPER(da.[subscriber_name])
ELSE UPPER(s.[name])
END AS [Subscriber]
,da.[subscriber_db] AS [SubscriberDB]
,CASE da.[subscription_type]
WHEN '0'
THEN 'Push'
WHEN '1'
THEN 'Pull'
WHEN '2'
THEN 'Anonymous'
ELSE CAST(da.[subscription_type] AS [varchar](64))
END AS [SubscriptionType]
,md.[distdb] AS [DistributionDB]
,ma.[article] AS [Article]
,ds.[UndelivCmdsInDistDB]
,ds.[DelivCmdsInDistDB]
,dh.[current_delivery_rate] AS [CurrentSessionDeliveryRate] ,dh.[current_delivery_latency] AS [CurrentSessionDeliveryLatency] ,dh.[delivered_transactions] AS
[TotalTransactionsDeliveredInCurrentSession]
,dh.[delivered_commands] AS [TotalCommandsDeliveredInCurrentSession] ,dh.[average_commands] AS [AverageCommandsDeliveredInCurrentSession] ,dh.[delivery_rate] AS [DeliveryRate]
,dh.[delivery_latency] AS [DeliveryLatency]
,dh.[total_delivered_commands] AS
[TotalCommandsDeliveredSinceSubscriptionSetup]
,dh.[xact_seqno] AS [SequenceNumber]
,md.[last_distsync] AS [LastDistributerSync]
,md.[retention] AS [Retention]
,md.[worst_latency] AS [WorstLatency]
,md.[best_latency] AS [BestLatency]
,md.[avg_latency] AS [AverageLatency]
,md.[cur_latency] AS [CurrentLatency]
FROM [distribution]..[MSdistribution_status] ds
INNER JOIN [distribution]..[MSdistribution_agents] da ON da.[id] = ds.[agent_id]
INNER JOIN [distribution]..[MSArticles] ma ON ma.publisher_id = da.publisher_id
AND ma.[article_id] = ds.[article_id]
INNER JOIN [distribution]..[MSreplication_monitordata] md ON [md].[job_id] = da.[job_id]
INNER JOIN [distribution]..[MSdistribution_history] dh ON [dh].[agent_id] = md.[agent_id]
AND md.[agent_type] = 3
INNER JOIN [master].[sys].[servers] s ON s.[server_id] = da.[subscriber_id]
--Created WHEN your publication has the immediate_sync property set to true. This property dictates
--whether snapshot is available all the time for new subscriptions to be initialized.
--This affects the cleanup behavior of transactional replication. If this property is set to true,
--the transactions will be retained for max retention period instead of it getting cleaned up
--as soon as all the subscriptions got the change.
WHERE da.[subscriber_db] <> 'virtual'
AND da.[anonymous_subid] IS NULL
AND dh.[start_time] = (
SELECT TOP 1 start_time
FROM [distribution]..[MSdistribution_history] a
INNER JOIN [distribution]..[MSdistribution_agents] b ON a.[agent_id] = b.[id]
AND b.[subscriber_db] <> 'virtual'
WHERE [runstatus] <> 1
ORDER BY [start_time] DESC
)
AND dh.[runstatus] <> 1
SELECT 'Transactional Replication Summary' AS [Comments];
SELECT [DistributionAgentName]
,[DistributionAgentStartTime]
,[DistributionAgentRunningDurationInSeconds]
,[IsAgentRunning]
,[ReplicationStatus]
,[LastSynchronized]
,[Comments]
,[Publisher]
,[PublicationName]
,[PublisherDB]
,[Subscriber]
,[SubscriberDB]
,[SubscriptionType]
,[DistributionDB]
,SUM([UndelivCmdsInDistDB]) AS [UndelivCmdsInDistDB]
,SUM([DelivCmdsInDistDB]) AS [DelivCmdsInDistDB]
,[CurrentSessionDeliveryRate]
,[CurrentSessionDeliveryLatency]
,[TotalTransactionsDeliveredInCurrentSession]
,[TotalCommandsDeliveredInCurrentSession]
,[AverageCommandsDeliveredInCurrentSession]
,[DeliveryRate]
,[DeliveryLatency]
,[TotalCommandsDeliveredSinceSubscriptionSetup]
,[SequenceNumber]
,[LastDistributerSync]
,[Retention]
,[WorstLatency]
,[BestLatency]
,[AverageLatency]
,[CurrentLatency]
FROM #ReplStats
GROUP BY [DistributionAgentName]
,[DistributionAgentStartTime]
,[DistributionAgentRunningDurationInSeconds]
,[IsAgentRunning]
,[ReplicationStatus]
,[LastSynchronized]
,[Comments]
,[Publisher]
,[PublicationName]
,[PublisherDB]
,[Subscriber]
,[SubscriberDB]
,[SubscriptionType]
,[DistributionDB]
,[CurrentSessionDeliveryRate]
,[CurrentSessionDeliveryLatency]
,[TotalTransactionsDeliveredInCurrentSession]
,[TotalCommandsDeliveredInCurrentSession]
,[AverageCommandsDeliveredInCurrentSession]
,[DeliveryRate]
,[DeliveryLatency]
,[TotalCommandsDeliveredSinceSubscriptionSetup]
,[SequenceNumber]
,[LastDistributerSync]
,[Retention]
,[WorstLatency]
,[BestLatency]
,[AverageLatency]
,[CurrentLatency]
SELECT 'Transactional Replication Summary Details' AS [Comments];
SELECT [Publisher]
,[PublicationName]
,[PublisherDB]
,[Article]
,[Subscriber]
,[SubscriberDB]
,[SubscriptionType]
,[DistributionDB]
,SUM([UndelivCmdsInDistDB]) AS [UndelivCmdsInDistDB] ,SUM([DelivCmdsInDistDB]) AS [DelivCmdsInDistDB]
FROM #ReplStats
GROUP BY [Publisher]
,[PublicationName]
,[PublisherDB]
,[Article]
,[Subscriber]
,[SubscriberDB]
,[SubscriptionType]
,[DistributionDB]
Ringkasan
Saya harap beberapa skrip T-SQL yang disediakan di atas akan membantu Anda dalam pemantauan agen replikasi Anda. Saya sangat menyarankan Anda memantau mereka dengan cermat. Jika tidak, pengguna di pihak pelanggan dapat mengeluh tanpa henti karena tidak memiliki (mendekati) data waktu nyata.
Dalam artikel mendatang, saya akan menggali lebih dalam tentang teknologi SQL untuk mereplikasi data ke bagian mana pun di dunia. Selamat memantau!
