SQL:Apakah mungkin untuk 'mengelompokkan menurut' menurut hasil fungsi 'suka'?

Tentu:

WITH Fruits AS (
    SELECT 
        CASE 
           WHEN m.str LIKE '%APPLE%' THEN 'Apple'
           WHEN m.str LIKE '%ORANGE%' THEN 'Orange' 
        END AS FruitType           
    FROM MESA m
    WHERE m.str LIKE '%FRUIT%')
SELECT FruitType, COUNT(*) 
FROM Fruits
WHERE FruitType IN ('Apple', 'Orange')
GROUP BY FruitType;