Temukan kecocokan terdekat untuk nama kota yang salah eja?

anda bisa menggunakan fungsi damerau-levenstein untuk mendapatkan jarak string antara dua string. (Ini juga memeriksa transposisi)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damerau%E2%80 %93Levenshtein_distance

Jika tabel Anda besar, Anda mungkin perlu sedikit mengoptimalkan algo untuk dipecah setelah jarak string melebihi ambang batas.

Juga jika Anda dapat berasumsi bahwa huruf pertama kota diketik dengan benar, itu akan mengurangi jumlah perbandingan.

Ini bukan PHP, tetapi jika ada bantuan, inilah versi Java yang saya tulis:

class LevinshteinDistance{
    public static void main(String args[]){
        if(args.length != 2){
            System.out.println("Displays the Levenshtein distance between 2 strings");
            System.out.println("Usage: LevenshteinDistance stringA stringB");
        }else{
            int distance = getLevenshteinDistance(args[0], args[1]);
            System.out.print(getLevenshteinMatrix(args[0], args[1]));
            System.out.println("Distance: "+distance);
        }
    }   

    /**
     * @param a first string for comparison
     * @param b second string for comparison
     * @param caseSensitive whether or not to use case sensitive matching
     * @return a levenshtein string distance
     */  
    public static int getLevenshteinDistance(String a, String b, boolean caseSensitive){
        if(! caseSensitive){
        a = a.toUpperCase();
        b = b.toUpperCase();
        }
        int[][] matrix = generateLevenshteinMatrix(a, b);
        return matrix[a.length()][b.length()];
    }

    /**
     * @param a first string for comparison
     * @param b second string for comparison
     * @return a case sensitive levenshtein string distance
     */  
    public static int getLevenshteinDistance(String a, String b){
        int[][] matrix = generateLevenshteinMatrix(a, b);
        return matrix[a.length()][b.length()];
    }

    /**
     * @param a first string for comparison
     * @param b second string for comparison
     * @return a  case sensitive string representation of the search matrix
     */  
    public static String getLevenshteinMatrix(String a, String b){
        int[][] matrix = generateLevenshteinMatrix(a, b);
        StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
        final int ROWS = a.length()+1;
        final int COLS = b.length()+1;

        result.append(rowSeperator(COLS-1, false));
        result.append("|    "+b+" |\n");
        result.append(rowSeperator(COLS-1, true));  

        for(int r=0; r<ROWS; r++){
            result.append('|');
            if(r > 0){
                result.append(a.charAt(r-1));
            }else{
                result.append(' ');
            }
            result.append(" |");
            for(int c=0; c<COLS; c++){
                result.append(matrix[r][c]);
            }
            result.append(" |\n");
        }       
        result.append(rowSeperator(COLS-1, false));
        return result.toString();   
    }   


    private static String rowSeperator(final int LEN, boolean hasGap){
        StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
        if(hasGap){
            result.append("+  +-");
        }else{
            result.append("+----");
        }
        for(int i=0; i<LEN; i++) 
            result.append('-');
        result.append("-+\n");
        return result.toString();
    }

    private static int[][] generateLevenshteinMatrix(String a, String b){
        final int ROWS = a.length()+1;
        final int COLS = b.length()+1;
        int matrix[][] = new int[ROWS][COLS];

        for(int r=0; r<ROWS; r++){
            matrix[r][0]=r;
        }
        for(int c=0; c<COLS; c++){ 
            matrix[0][c]=c;
        }

        for(int r=1; r<ROWS; r++){
            char cA = a.charAt(r-1);
            for(int c=1; c<COLS; c++){
                    char cB = b.charAt(c-1);
                int cost = (cA == cB)?0:1;

                int deletion =  matrix[r-1][c]+1; 
                int insertion = matrix[r][c-1]+1;
                int substitution = matrix[r-1][c-1]+cost;
                int minimum = Math.min(Math.min(deletion, insertion), substitution);    

                if( (r > 1 && c > 1) && a.charAt(r-2) == cB && cA == b.charAt(c-2) ){
                    int transposition = matrix[r-2][c-2]+cost;
                    minimum = Math.min(minimum, transposition);
                }
                matrix[r][c] = minimum;
            }
        }   
        return matrix;
    }
}