Cari dan urutkan koleksi asing

Anda tidak perlu $unwind workouts array karena sudah berisi array _id s dan gunakan $replaceRoot daripada melakukan $project

Users.aggregate([
  { "$match": { "_id" : ObjectId("whateverTheUserIdIs") }}, 
  { "$lookup": {
    "from" : "workouts", 
    "localField" : "workouts", 
    "foreignField" : "_id", 
    "as" : "workoutDocumentsArray"
  }},
  { "$unwind": "$workoutDocumentsArray" },
  { "$replaceRoot": { "newRoot": "$workoutDocumentsArray" }}
  { "$sort" : { "date" : -1 }}
])

atau bahkan dengan $lookup sintaks

Users.aggregate([
  { "$match" : { "_id": ObjectId("whateverTheUserIdIs") }}, 
  { "$lookup" : {
    "from" : "workouts", 
    "let": { "workouts": "$workouts" },
    "pipeline": [
      { "$match": { "$expr": { "$in": ["$_id", "$$workouts"] }}},
      { "$sort" : { "date" : -1 }}
    ]
    "as" : "workoutDocumentsArray"
  }},
  { "$unwind": "$workoutDocumentsArray" },
  { "$replaceRoot": { "newRoot": "$workoutDocumentsArray" }}
])