Salah satu database NoSQL terkemuka, MongoDB terkenal dengan kinerjanya yang cepat, skema serbaguna, skalabilitas, dan kemampuan hebat untuk pengindeksan. Mari kita lihat beberapa konteks sebelum kita masuk ke beberapa detail. Pencarian teks lengkap adalah fitur penting ketika kita berbicara tentang menemukan konten di internet. Pencarian google adalah contoh terbaik untuk ini ketika kita melihat konten menggunakan frasa atau kata kunci. Dalam artikel ini, kita akan mempelajari tentang kemampuan pencarian teks lengkap di MongoDB berdasarkan indeks teks.
Buat Contoh Basis Data
Sebelum kita mulai, kita akan membuat database sampel yang akan digunakan selama tutorial.
Kami akan membuat database dengan nama myDB dan buat koleksi dengan nama buku . Untuk ini, pernyataannya adalah sebagai berikut.
> use myDB
> db.createCollection("books")
>Mari kita masukkan beberapa dokumen dengan menggunakan pernyataan berikut.
> db.books.insert([
{
"title": "Eloquent JavaScript, Second Edition",
"subtitle": "A Modern Introduction to Programming",
"author": "Marijn Haverbeke",
"publisher": "No Starch Press",
"description": "JavaScript lies at the heart of almost every modern web application, from social apps to the newest browser-based games. Though simple for beginners to pick up and play with, JavaScript is a flexible, complex language that you can use to build full-scale applications."
},
{
"title": "Learning JavaScript Design Patterns",
"subtitle": "A JavaScript and jQuery Developer's Guide",
"author": "Addy Osmani",
"publisher": "O'Reilly Media",
"description": "With Learning JavaScript Design Patterns, you'll learn how to write beautiful, structured, and maintainable JavaScript by applying classical and modern design patterns to the language. If you want to keep your code efficient, more manageable, and up-to-date with the latest best practices, this book is for you."
},
{
"title": "Speaking JavaScript",
"subtitle": "An In-Depth Guide for Programmers",
"author": "Axel Rauschmayer",
"publisher": "O'Reilly Media",
"description": "Like it or not, JavaScript is everywhere these days, from browser to server to mobile and now you, too, need to learn the language or dive deeper than you have. This concise book guides you into and through JavaScript, written by a veteran programmer who once found himself in the same position."
},
{
"title": "Programming JavaScript Applications",
"subtitle": "Robust Web Architecture with Node, HTML5, and Modern JS Libraries",
"author": "Eric Elliott",
"publisher": "O'Reilly Media",
"description": "Take advantage of JavaScript's power to build robust web-scale or enterprise applications that are easy to extend and maintain. By applying the design patterns outlined in this practical book, experienced JavaScript developers will learn how to write flexible and resilient code that's easier-yes, easier-to work with as your codebase grows."
},
{
"title": "Understanding ECMAScript 6",
"subtitle": "The Definitive Guide for JavaScript Developers",
"author": "Nicholas C. Zakas",
"publisher": "No Starch Press",
"description": "ECMAScript 6 represents the biggest update to the core of JavaScript in the history of the language. In Understanding ECMAScript 6, expert developer Nicholas C. Zakas provides a complete guide to the object types, syntax, and other exciting changes that ECMAScript 6 brings to JavaScript."
}
])Membuat Indeks Teks
Kita perlu membuat indeks teks pada bidang untuk melakukan pencarian teks. Kita dapat membuat ini pada satu atau beberapa bidang. Pernyataan berikut akan membuat indeks teks pada satu bidang.
>db.books.createIndex({"description":"text"})Kami akan membuat indeks teks pada deskripsi dan subjudul bidang untuk tutorial ini. Kami hanya dapat membuat satu indeks teks per koleksi di MongoDB. Jadi Kami akan membuat indeks teks majemuk menggunakan pernyataan berikut.
>db.books.createIndex({"subtitle":"text","description":"text"})$search
Sekarang kita akan mencoba mencari dokumen yang memiliki kata kunci 'ECMAScript' di deskripsi dan subjudul bidang. Untuk ini, kita dapat menggunakan pernyataan di bawah ini.
db.books.find({$text: {$search: "ECMAScript"}})Contoh
>db.books.find({$text: {$search: "ECMAScript"}},{ subtitle: 1, description: 1 })
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602b09cb3cb6144ada1c62fe"),
"subtitle" : "The Definitive Guide for JavaScript Developers",
"description" : "ECMAScript 6 represents the biggest update to the core of JavaScript in the history of the language. In Understanding ECMAScript 6, expert developer Nicholas C. Zakas provides a complete guide to the object types, syntax, and other exciting changes that ECMAScript 6 brings to JavaScript."
}
>Frasa
Anda dapat mencari frasa menggunakan indeks teks. Secara default, pencarian teks melakukan pencarian ATAU untuk semua kata dalam frasa. Jika ingin mencari 'pola desain modern', maka akan mencari dokumen dengan kata kunci baik modern, desain, atau pola.
Contoh
>db.books.find({$text: {$search: "modern design patterns"}},{ subtitle: 1, description: 1 })
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602b098f3cb6144ada1c2ea1"),
"subtitle" : "A JavaScript and jQuery Developer's Guide",
"description" : "With Learning JavaScript Design Patterns, you'll learn how to write beautiful, structured, and maintainable JavaScript by applying classical and modern design patterns to the language. If you want to keep your code efficient, more manageable, and up-to-date with the latest best practices, this book is for you."
},
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602b09b93cb6144ada1c4bca"),
"subtitle" : "Robust Web Architecture with Node, HTML5, and Modern JS Libraries",
"description" : "Take advantage of JavaScript's power to build robust web-scale or enterprise applications that are easy to extend and maintain. By applying the design patterns outlined in this practical book, experienced JavaScript developers will learn how to write flexible and resilient code that's easier-yes, easier-to work with as your code base grows.",
},
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602b095c3cb6144ada1c1028"),
"subtitle" : "A Modern Introduction to Programming",
"description" : "JavaScript lies at the heart of almost every modern web application, from social apps to the newest browser-based games. Though simple for beginners to pick up and play with, JavaScript is a flexible, complex language that you can use to build full-scale applications."
}
>Jika Anda ingin menelusuri frasa yang sama persis seperti dokumen dengan 'pola desain modern', Anda dapat melakukannya dengan menentukan tanda kutip ganda dalam teks penelusuran.
Contoh
>db.books.find({$text: {$search: "\"modern design patterns\""}},{ subtitle: 1, description: 1 })
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602b098f3cb6144ada1c2ea1"),
"subtitle" : "A JavaScript and jQuery Developer's Guide",
"description" : "With Learning JavaScript Design Patterns, you'll learn how to write beautiful, structured, and maintainable JavaScript by applying classical and modern design patterns to the language. If you want to keep your code efficient, more manageable, and up-to-date with the latest best practices, this book is for you."
}Negasi
Jika Anda ingin mengecualikan dokumen yang berisi kata tertentu, Anda dapat menggunakan pencarian negasi. Misalnya jika Anda akan mencari semua dokumen dengan 'JavaScript' tetapi bukan 'HTML5' atau 'ECMAScript', Anda dapat mencari seperti contoh di bawah ini.
Contoh
>db.books.find({$text: {$search: "JavaScript -HTML5 -ECMAScript"}},{ subtitle: 1, description: 1 })
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602b098f3cb6144ada1c2ea1"),
"subtitle" : "A JavaScript and jQuery Developer's Guide",
"description" : "With Learning JavaScript Design Patterns, you'll learn how to write beautiful, structured, and maintainable JavaScript by applying classical and modern design patterns to the language. If you want to keep your code efficient, more manageable, and up-to-date with the latest best practices, this book is for you."
},
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602b09a83cb6144ada1c4973"),
"subtitle" : "An In-Depth Guide for Programmers",
"description" : "Like it or not, JavaScript is everywhere these days, from browser to server to mobile and now you, too, need to learn the language or dive deeper than you have. This concise book guides you into and through JavaScript, written by a veteran programmer who once found himself in the same position."
},
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602b095c3cb6144ada1c1028"),
"subtitle" : "A Modern Introduction to Programming",
"description" : "JavaScript lies at the heart of almost every modern web application, from social apps to the newest browser-based games. Though simple for beginners to pick up and play with, JavaScript is a flexible, complex language that you can use to build full-scale applications."
}Skor Penelusuran Teks
Pencarian teks memberikan skor untuk setiap dokumen yang mewakili relevansi dokumen dengan permintaan pencarian. Skor ini dapat digunakan untuk mengurutkan semua catatan yang dikembalikan dalam hasil pencarian. Skor yang lebih tinggi akan menunjukkan kecocokan yang paling relevan.
Contoh
>db.books.find({$text: {$search: "JavaScript "}},{score: {$meta: "textScore"}, subtitle: 1, description: 1 }).sort({score:{$meta:"textScore"}})
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602b098f3cb6144ada1c2ea1"),
"subtitle" : "A JavaScript and jQuery Developer's Guide",
"description" : "With Learning JavaScript Design Patterns, you'll learn how to write beautiful, structured, and maintainable JavaScript by applying classical and modern design patterns to the language. If you want to keep your code efficient, more manageable, and up-to-date with the latest best practices, this book is for you.",
"score" : 1.43269230769231
},
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602b09cb3cb6144ada1c62fe"),
"subtitle" : "The Definitive Guide for JavaScript Developers",
"description" : "ECMAScript 6 represents the biggest update to the core of JavaScript in the history of the language. In Understanding ECMAScript 6, expert developer Nicholas C. Zakas provides a complete guide to the object types, syntax, and other exciting changes that ECMAScript 6 brings to JavaScript.",
"score" : 1.42672413793103
},
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602b09a83cb6144ada1c4973"),
"subtitle" : "An In-Depth Guide for Programmers",
"description" : "Like it or not, JavaScript is everywhere these days, from browser to server to mobile and now you, too, need to learn the language or dive deeper than you have. This concise book guides you into and through JavaScript, written by a veteran programmer who once found himself in the same position.",
"score" : 0.818181818181818
},
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602b095c3cb6144ada1c1028"),
"subtitle" : "A Modern Introduction to Programming",
"description" : "JavaScript lies at the heart of almost every modern web application, from social apps to the newest browser-based games. Though simple for beginners to pick up and play with, JavaScript is a flexible, complex language that you can use to build full-scale applications.",
"score" : 0.801724137931034
},
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602b09b93cb6144ada1c4bca"),
"subtitle" : "Robust Web Architecture with Node, HTML5, and Modern JS Libraries",
"description" : "Take advantage of JavaScript's power to build robust web-scale or enterprise applications that are easy to extend and maintain. By applying the design patterns outlined in this practical book, experienced JavaScript developers will learn how to write flexible and resilient code that's easier-yes, easier-to work with as your codebase grows.",
"score" : 0.792857142857143
}Hentikan Kata
Operator $text memfilter kata henti khusus bahasa, seperti a, an, the dan dalam bahasa Inggris. Pencarian di bawah ini tidak akan mengembalikan dokumen apa pun dalam hasil.
Contoh
>db.books.find({$text: {$search: "is"}},{subtitle: 1, description: 1 })
Fetched 0 record(s)Kata Bertangkai
Operator $text cocok dengan kata bertangkai lengkap. Jadi, jika beberapa bidang dokumen berisi kata belajar atau belajar, pencarian istilah belajar atau belajar akan menghasilkan hal yang sama.
Contoh
>db.books.find({$text: {$search: " learn"}},{subtitle: 1, description: 1 }) or >db.books.find({$text: {$search: " learning"}},{subtitle: 1, description: 1 })
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602b098f3cb6144ada1c2ea1"),
"subtitle" : "A JavaScript and jQuery Developer's Guide",
"description" : "With Learning JavaScript Design Patterns, you'll learn how to write beautiful, structured, and maintainable JavaScript by applying classical and modern design patterns to the language. If you want to keep your code efficient, more manageable, and up-to-date with the latest best practices, this book is for you."
},
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602b09a83cb6144ada1c4973"),
"subtitle" : "An In-Depth Guide for Programmers",
"description" : "Like it or not, JavaScript is everywhere these days, from browser to server to mobile and now you, too, need to learn the language or dive deeper than you have. This concise book guides you into and through JavaScript, written by a veteran programmer who once found himself in the same position."
},
{
"_id" : ObjectId("602b09b93cb6144ada1c4bca"),
"subtitle" : "Robust Web Architecture with Node, HTML5, and Modern JS Libraries",
"description" : "Take advantage of JavaScript's power to build robust web-scale or enterprise applications that are easy to extend and maintain. By applying the design patterns outlined in this practical book, experienced JavaScript developers will learn how to write flexible and resilient code that's easier-yes, easier-to work with as your codebase grows."
}Kesimpulan
Saya harap Anda belajar sesuatu yang baru hari ini. Berikut ini adalah artikel menarik tentang MongoDB yang Dihosting Sendiri. Saya juga mengundang Anda untuk mencoba hal-hal Anda sendiri dan berbagi pengalaman Anda di bagian komentar. Selanjutnya, jika Anda menghadapi masalah dengan salah satu definisi di atas, jangan ragu untuk bertanya kepada saya di bagian komentar di bawah.
